//! This module defines the key types that can be written to a [`Keystore`](tor-keymgr::Keystore).

// @Diziet's notes regarding why we shouldn't be storing public keys in the key store:
//
// "Let me talk through, a bit, why we have public keys here.
//
// ISTM that primarily, a keystore is a store of secrets (ie, things we use to demonstrate to other
// people).  Ie it corresponds to our identities.  It's not a registry of public data (including
// instructions about who to trust for what).
//
// But we do need to store some ancillary data with some of our identities.  Where this data is
// small or convenient, we can put it into the keystore.  And when we do that we can use the same
// storage format as we use for private keys?  (That's not actually true: openssh private keys and
// openssh public keys are different formats.)
//
// Which public keys are you anticipating storing here?
//
// I would like to rule out, at this stage, using the Arti keystore to store the public keys of
// clients for our HS.  That is, the HS client discovery keys for a particular HS should be
// stored, for that HS, outside the keystore.  (IIRC C Tor does keep the client discovery public keys
// for an HS in its keystore, so we need to be compatible with that, but that doesn't necessary
// have to be done in Arti via the keystore API.  Perhaps the "C Tor keystore" object could
// implement both the keystore trait and an "HS client public keys" trait.)
//
// I should explain why I have this opinion:
// Basically, (private) keystores are awkward.  They have to handle private key material, deal with
// privsep (possibly including offline hosts); they have to be transparent and manipulable, but
// also secure.  They might need to be implemented by or associated with HSMs.  All of these things
// make the keystore's APIs (both the caller API and the visible filesystem interface) compromises
// with nontrivial downsides.
//
// Whereas data about who we should trust is totally different.  It can live in normal
// configuration land; it doesn't need to be associated with HSMs.  It doesn't want or need (the
// possibility of) privsep.  And the user might want to override/supplement it in totally different
// ways.  For example, it should be possible for an HS server to look up client discovery keys
// in a database.  But we don't need or want to write a generic "look up stuff in a database" API;
// that can be (at least for now) a bespoke API just for HS restricted discovery."

use ssh_key::Algorithm;
use ssh_key::private::KeypairData;
use ssh_key::public::KeyData;
use tor_error::{Bug, bad_api_usage, internal};

use crate::Result;
use crate::ssh::{ED25519_EXPANDED_ALGORITHM_NAME, X25519_ALGORITHM_NAME};

use std::fmt;
use std::result::Result as StdResult;

/// Declare and implement the `KeyType` enum.
///
/// Each of the `variant`s is mapped to the specified `str_repr`.
///
/// `str_repr` is returned from [`KeyType::arti_extension`].
///
/// The `str_repr` is also used for implementing `From<&str>` for `KeyType`.
/// Note `KeyType` implements `From<&str>` rather than `FromStr`,
/// because the conversion from string is infallible
/// (unrecognized strings are mapped to `KeyType::Unknown`)
macro_rules! declare_item_type {
    {
        $(#[$enum_meta:meta])*
        $vis:vis enum KeyType {
            $(
                $(#[$meta:meta])*
                $variant:ident => $str_repr:expr,
            )*
        }

        $(#[$cert_enum_meta:meta])*
        $cert_vis:vis enum CertType {
            $(
                $(#[$cert_meta:meta])*
                $cert_variant:ident => $cert_str_repr:expr,
            )*
        }
    } => {

        $(#[$enum_meta])*
        $vis enum KeyType {
            $(
                $(#[$meta])*
                $variant,
            )*
        }

        $(#[$cert_enum_meta])*
        $cert_vis enum CertType {
            $(
                $(#[$cert_meta])*
                $cert_variant,
            )*
        }

        /// A type of item stored in a keystore.
        #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
        #[non_exhaustive]
        pub enum KeystoreItemType {
            /// A key
            Key(KeyType),
            /// A key certificate
            Cert(CertType),
            /// An unrecognized entry type
            Unknown {
                /// The extension used for entries of this type in an Arti keystore.
                arti_extension: String,
            },
        }

        impl KeyType {
            /// The file extension for a key of this type.
            pub fn arti_extension(&self) -> String {
                use KeyType::*;

                match self {
                    $(
                        $variant => $str_repr.into(),
                    )*
                }
            }
        }

        impl KeystoreItemType {
            /// The file extension for an item of this type.
            pub fn arti_extension(&self) -> String {
                use KeyType::*;
                use CertType::*;

                match self {
                    $(
                        Self::Key($variant) => $str_repr.into(),
                    )*
                    $(
                        Self::Cert($cert_variant) => $cert_str_repr.into(),
                    )*
                        Self::Unknown { arti_extension } => arti_extension.into(),
                }
            }

            /// Try to get the inner [`KeyType`], if this is a [`KeystoreItemType::Key`].
            ///
            /// Returns an error if this is not a key type.
            pub fn key_type(&self) -> StdResult<&KeyType, Bug> {
                match self {
                    KeystoreItemType::Key(key_type) => Ok(key_type),
                    _ => Err(bad_api_usage!("{:?} is not a key type", self)),
                }
            }
        }

        impl From<&str> for KeystoreItemType {
            fn from(key_type: &str) -> Self {
                use KeyType::*;
                use CertType::*;

                match key_type {
                    $(
                        $str_repr => Self::Key($variant),
                    )*
                    $(
                        $cert_str_repr => Self::Cert($cert_variant),
                    )*
                    _ => Self::Unknown {
                        arti_extension: key_type.into(),
                    },
                }
            }
        }

        impl fmt::Debug for KeystoreItemType {
            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
                match self {
                    KeystoreItemType::Key(key_type) => write!(f, "{:?}", key_type),
                    KeystoreItemType::Cert(cert_type) => write!(f, "{:?}", cert_type),
                    KeystoreItemType::Unknown { arti_extension } => {
                        write!(f, "unknown item type (extension={arti_extension})")
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        impl From<KeyType> for KeystoreItemType {
            fn from(key: KeyType) -> Self {
                Self::Key(key)
            }
        }

        impl From<CertType> for KeystoreItemType {
            fn from(key: CertType) -> Self {
                Self::Cert(key)
            }
        }

        #[cfg(test)]
        mod tests {
            // @@ begin test lint list maintained by maint/add_warning @@
            #![allow(clippy::bool_assert_comparison)]
            #![allow(clippy::clone_on_copy)]
            #![allow(clippy::dbg_macro)]
            #![allow(clippy::mixed_attributes_style)]
            #![allow(clippy::print_stderr)]
            #![allow(clippy::print_stdout)]
            #![allow(clippy::single_char_pattern)]
            #![allow(clippy::unwrap_used)]
            #![allow(clippy::unchecked_time_subtraction)]
            #![allow(clippy::useless_vec)]
            #![allow(clippy::needless_pass_by_value)]
            #![allow(clippy::string_slice)] // See arti#2571
            //! <!-- @@ end test lint list maintained by maint/add_warning @@ -->
            use super::*;

            #[test]
            fn unknown_item_types() {
                const UNKNOWN_KEY_TYPE: &str = "rsa";

                let unknown_key_ty = KeystoreItemType::from(UNKNOWN_KEY_TYPE);
                assert_eq!(
                    unknown_key_ty,
                    KeystoreItemType::Unknown {
                        arti_extension: UNKNOWN_KEY_TYPE.into()
                    }
                );
                assert_eq!(unknown_key_ty.arti_extension(), UNKNOWN_KEY_TYPE);
            }

            #[test]
            fn recognized_item_types() {
                $(
                    let key_ty = KeystoreItemType::from($str_repr);
                    assert_eq!(
                        key_ty,
                        KeystoreItemType::Key(KeyType::$variant)
                    );
                    assert_eq!(key_ty.arti_extension(), $str_repr);
                )*
                $(
                    let cert_ty = KeystoreItemType::from($cert_str_repr);
                    assert_eq!(
                        cert_ty,
                        KeystoreItemType::Cert(CertType::$cert_variant)
                    );
                    assert_eq!(cert_ty.arti_extension(), $cert_str_repr);
                )*
            }
        }
    }
}

impl KeyType {
    /// Return the `KeyType` of the specified [`KeyData`].
    ///
    /// Returns an error if the [`KeyData`] is of an unsupported type.
    pub(crate) fn try_from_key_data(key: &KeyData) -> Result<KeyType> {
        match key.algorithm() {
            Algorithm::Ed25519 => Ok(KeyType::Ed25519PublicKey),
            Algorithm::Rsa { hash: _ } => Ok(KeyType::RsaPublicKey),
            Algorithm::Other(algo) if algo.as_str() == X25519_ALGORITHM_NAME => {
                Ok(KeyType::X25519PublicKey)
            }
            _ => Err(internal!("invalid key data").into()),
        }
    }

    /// Return the `KeyType` of the specified [`KeypairData`].
    ///
    /// Returns an error if the [`KeypairData`] is of an unsupported type.
    pub(crate) fn try_from_keypair_data(key: &KeypairData) -> Result<KeyType> {
        let algo = key.algorithm().map_err(|e| internal!("invalid algr {e}"))?;
        match algo {
            Algorithm::Ed25519 => Ok(KeyType::Ed25519Keypair),
            Algorithm::Rsa { hash: _ } => Ok(KeyType::RsaKeypair),
            Algorithm::Other(algo) if algo.as_str() == X25519_ALGORITHM_NAME => {
                Ok(KeyType::X25519StaticKeypair)
            }
            Algorithm::Other(algo) if algo.as_str() == ED25519_EXPANDED_ALGORITHM_NAME => {
                Ok(KeyType::Ed25519ExpandedKeypair)
            }
            _ => Err(internal!("invalid keypair data").into()),
        }
    }
}

declare_item_type! {
    /// A type of key stored in the key store.
    #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
    #[non_exhaustive]
    pub enum KeyType {
        /// An Ed25519 keypair.
        Ed25519Keypair => "ed25519_private",
        /// An Ed25519 public key.
        Ed25519PublicKey => "ed25519_public",
        /// A Curve25519 keypair.
        X25519StaticKeypair => "x25519_private",
        /// A Curve25519 public key.
        X25519PublicKey => "x25519_public",
        /// An expanded Ed25519 keypair.
        Ed25519ExpandedKeypair => "ed25519_expanded_private",
        /// A RSA keypair. 1024 bits long, exponent 65537.
        RsaKeypair => "rsa_private",
        /// A RSA public key. 1024 bits long, exponent 65537.
        RsaPublicKey => "rsa_public",
    }

    /// A type of certificate stored in the keystore.
    ///
    /// The purpose and meaning of a certificate, as well as the algorithms
    /// of the subject and signing keys, are specified by its `CertType`
    ///
    /// More specifically, the `CertType` of a certificate determines
    ///  * The cryptographic algorithms of the subject key and the signing key
    ///  * How the subject key value and its properties are encoded before
    ///    the signing key key makes its signature
    ///  * How the signature and the other information is encoded for storage.
    #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
    #[non_exhaustive]
    pub enum CertType {
        /// A Tor Ed25519 certificate.
        ///
        /// See <https://spec.torproject.org/cert-spec.html#ed-certs>
        Ed25519TorCert => "tor_ed25519_cert",
    }
}
